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A Practice In Mortise and Tenon Construction

Project by smitty1 posted 580 days ago 2100 views 3 times favorited 24 comments Add to Favorites Watch

A Practice in Mortise and Tenons

There are many styles of furniture construction but one of the most commonly use in joint connection is the Mortise and Tenon. Well fitted and properly sized it is one of the strongest woodworking joints a woodworker can use. Considering that it was used in early house and barn construction as well as ship building in the early 17th and 18th century is has stood the test of time in reliability and well as strength.
When I was approached to build a Sewing Table for my LOML ( With Picture in Hand ) I cringed at the thought of it’s complex joinery of M/T joints but thought , this would be a good Time to give my skills some practice in perfecting this joint.
Perfecting’ you say? Sure! Have you ever cut the tenons only to find when assembled in the mortise the joint had gaps or didn’t set square to the face? Or when multiple pieces assembled together created an out of square frame assembly and you agonizingly tried to re-shave or compensate for the irregularities?
To begin the table construction, square and trued stock was essential as this type of construction only exemplifies any irregularities.
With squared stock, next, machine setup must be accurate no matter what your procedure or method of cutting your joinery may be, in my case my preferred method is the table saw and the mortiser.
Shoulder cuts were made with the Miter sled and stop block referenced from the fence at the proper distance.
Cheek cuts were done using the sliding tenon jig. In both cases the tenons were cut proud of their final size to be later pared with a sharp chisel for a firm fit in the mortise.
The mortises were cut using the bench top mortiser and again, setup was critical so many test cuts were done to finalize the settings.
After many hours of prepping and cutting stock to the proper size, cutting tenons and mortises we had the gratification of assembling our accomplishments.
Photobucket

All the flat panels were set in dados and allowed to float for expansion and contraction. Drawer guides are tenoned into uprights and glued with the rear tenon installed to float in their mortise. All remaining structural joints are glued and pegged.
This being the major construction of the table all that remained was to construct the flat panels for the tops and construct the drawers.
Since the Mrs. wanted the worn/antique Shaker look, the finishing started with an aniline dye for color. Since this was constructed of maple, a light gel coat was use to even out the color and the topcoat was tinted for highlighting. Photobucket
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-- Smitty, Alabama, http://www.firstdesignwoodworking.com/


24 comments so far

View GaryK's profile

GaryK

9521 posts in 882 days


posted 580 days ago

Looks like you m&t’s worked out great!

Those side drawers are very interesting.

Nice job.

-- Gary, East TX -- The longest journey begins with a single step.

View thetimberkid's profile

thetimberkid

1944 posts in 597 days


posted 580 days ago

Nice job!

Thanks for the post

Callum

-- For wood working podcasts with a twist check out http://thetimberkid.com/

View Topapilot's profile

Topapilot

123 posts in 734 days


posted 580 days ago

Nice job! Are the legs one piece, or is the turned section seperate?

View jockmike2's profile

jockmike2

7302 posts in 1140 days


posted 580 days ago

Very pretty cabinet. Your wife should be happy. I love the maple wood. You did a very skilled job on the m and t joints. And the color is great. Hard to get an even color on maple. Nice project. mike

-- Mike. mwurm13@yahoo.com

View CharlieM1958's profile

CharlieM1958

7618 posts in 1112 days


posted 580 days ago

Looks like it was worth the effort!

-- Charlie M. "Woodworking - patience = firewood"

View Scott Bryan's profile

Scott Bryan

20603 posts in 715 days


posted 580 days ago

This is a very nice cabinet and you did a good job with the construction and finish.

Thanks for sharing.

-- With God's help all things are possible- even woodworking. Woodworking is not just a hobby, it is an (expletive deleted) expensive hobby.

View gator9t9's profile

gator9t9

295 posts in 598 days


posted 580 days ago

I love the drawers on the side. yes ….And you say this is a sewing cabinet ? So your LOYL puts her Sewing machine on the pull out shelf ?.. Excuse my dumbness ….
I think it looks great …
Thanks

-- Mike in Bonney Lake " If you are real real real good your whole life, You 'll be buried in a curly maple coffin when you die."

View dustynewt's profile

dustynewt

447 posts in 756 days


posted 580 days ago

Very interesting cabinet. Beautiful color and proportions. Must have been a glue-up nightmare, though.

-- Please visit me at http://dustynewt.com

View BrianM's profile

BrianM

115 posts in 646 days


posted 580 days ago

Shaker is my favorite style and your piece did nothing to change my mind.

It’s also a really nice looking finish. Would you care to tell us about the finish?

Great job!

-- There is no such thing as scrap wood!, http://www.saltrivergallery.com

View motthunter's profile

motthunter

2079 posts in 692 days


posted 580 days ago

really nice… side drawers are a cool addition to the project

-- making sawdust....

View JohnR's profile

JohnR

39 posts in 591 days


posted 580 days ago

Smitty,

I also enjoy looking at your work. Like others who have written, above, I am curious to know more about the purpose behind the side-opening drawers. Looking forward to your explanation.

-- Sola Gratia, John

View Grumpy's profile

Grumpy

14920 posts in 744 days


posted 580 days ago

A great exercise in geometry as well as joinery Smitty. Great finished product indeed.

-- Grumpy - "Always look on the bright side of life"- Monty Python

View jcees's profile

jcees

552 posts in 692 days


posted 579 days ago

I love Shaker furniture. Too bad my wife thinks it too plain. This piece is on my short list for Shaker woodwork. Nice job.

If I may interject, the Shakers didn’t do ANYTHING without a purpose. Austerity and efficiency in all things was a tenet of their faith. Remember, these are the folks that gave us the flat broom and the circular saw blade. So to answer JohnR’s question, the side opening drawers allowed the worker to remain seated while allowing access to the contents of the desk.

always,
J.C.

-- "Imagination is more important than knowledge" -- Albert Einstein

View trifern's profile

trifern

7894 posts in 661 days


posted 579 days ago

Excellent craftsmanship. Thanks for the post.

-- My favorite piece is my last one, my best piece is my next one.

View smitty1's profile

smitty1

33 posts in 592 days


posted 579 days ago

I what to Thank everyone for the comments on the Sewing Desk and to answer some of the questions- The Shakers, as JC pointed out never built anything without a useful purpose and were a very practical society.
The sewing desk is designed for the use of one person or two people at once and keep in mind this is a sewing desk not a sewing machine table. Sometimes these were called a tailors or seamstress desk where most of the sewing was done by hand and needle and thread. Thus the purpose of the side drawers not only for the second person but for storage of larger cloth goods also. The pullout top was useful for larger cloth goods.
The Finish used was a trial to mimic the look of an antique, trying to highlight signs of wear at certain places, thus the variations of color on certain areas. The Russet Amber aniline dye was done in a wash first then a sealcoat applied. The gel coat was a Mahogany color and used sparingly . The final coat was a gloss lacquer for depth and a satin with tinting to knock down the gloss.
The legs and corner uprights are all one piece with turnings.
Like someone noted it was a nightmare in assembly and glue up but with all it’s M/T joints it’s a very sturdy piece of furniture.
Thanks again everyone, Have a Good One,
Smitty

-- Smitty, Alabama, http://www.firstdesignwoodworking.com/

View pappyjohn's profile

pappyjohn

138 posts in 606 days


posted 579 days ago

Smitty, I think its a gorgeous piece. You make nice pieces. The color is beautiful, I’m sure LOYL was quite pleased, (I would hide all the pictures though, ha ha). Keep the projects coming.

-- Your Brother in WoodWorking John, Pittsburgh , PA.

View Dorje's profile

Dorje

1767 posts in 890 days


posted 578 days ago

Great work there Smitty – a real fine piece you’ve built there – I’ve always admired that form.

-- Dorje (pronounced "door-jay"), Seattle, WA

View Brigham's profile

Brigham

9 posts in 584 days


posted 573 days ago

I have so much to learn about woodworking.

View Randy Sharp's profile

Randy Sharp

198 posts in 566 days


posted 559 days ago

A beautiful peice of work Smitty. But more importantly, a wonderful display of your love towards your wife. We need more men like you.

-- Randy, Tupelo, MS ~ May I become more like the Master Carpenter every day.

View Beginningwoodworker's profile (online now)

Beginningwoodworker

4140 posts in 566 days


posted 541 days ago

Very nice work.

-- CJIII Future cabinetmaker

View cobbler's profile

cobbler

242 posts in 684 days


posted 452 days ago

SMITTY,
THAT`S A REALLY NICE WORK. I`M SURE THE MISSES REALLY APPRECIATES IT.
THANKS FOR SHARING THE PROCESS IN WHICH YOU BUILT IT. I`M FAIRLY NEW
IN WOODWORKING AND LIKE TO LEARN ALL I CAN ABOUT DIFFERENT FABRICATION
AND SET UP METHODS.
THA FINISH TURNED OUT GREAT ALSO.

-- ''Carry on my wayward son''

View Randolph Torres's profile

Randolph Torres

114 posts in 422 days


posted 383 days ago

Great job Smitty. I had an opportunity to work at a college that offered as one of their courses indepth sewing they had 3 classe rooms very large. The tables they used had a muslin material with polyester fill about 1” thick so the patterns could be pinned to the table when working on them. It seems like all the drawers should have been on both sides because the face is blocked off when ever the pull out is extended and a linier row on both sidesand leading edge of small drawers could be built onto the pullout soffett for pins and such.

-- another tip from cooperedpatterns

View SnowyRiver's profile

SnowyRiver

3368 posts in 374 days


posted 369 days ago

The sewing table is gorgeous Smitty…great job!

-- Wayne - Plymouth MN

View WispWoods's profile

WispWoods

41 posts in 320 days


posted 258 days ago

Great project! I love this style of furniture. So clean, so functional. It looks like a piece you will wonder how you lived without it once you have it.

-- - You begin thinking less, and feeling more.

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